Pest Crew
Diseases - Dr. Stephen Vann

I woke up one morning in August to notice a bunch of gray-green colored
mushrooms growing in my bermudagrass lawn. These big things seemed to just
appear in my yard overnight and after looking a bit closer, I noticed that they
were growing either in a big circle or an arc. They were scattered over a big
area in my back yard. The grass does not appear to be dying. Where did these
things come from and will they hurt my grass? (Steve in Little Rock).
These mushrooms that you saw are probably the result of a lawn problem
called "Fairy Ring". Many types of fungal microorganisms can cause fairy
ring. These microorganisms live in the thatch layer and soil and send up a
mushroom when they reach a certain stage of growth. These mushrooms often
appear during the summer or fall and produce spores that enable the fungus
to spread to other locations, usually by wind or splashing water. The spores
are released from the mushroom and sometimes appear as a "brown powder".
Some of these mushrooms are poisonous. The microorganisms that cause are
often associated with decaying wood that is buried in the soil. This wood
may be an old tree stump or even old building materials that were buried in
the soil. Fairy rings are mostly cosmetic in the home lawn, but can have a
significant impact on the golf course. Homeowners should just mow these
mushrooms off or physically remove them as soon as they are seen, since they
can be poisonous to pets or children. For additional information refer to
Extension Fact Sheet FSA7539.
My Beefsteak tomatoes have developed a dark brown to black rotted area on the
fruit. This dark area looks like it starts on the bottoms of most of the
tomatoes on the plants. The leaves look fine; it is just the tomato itself that
looks bad. The plants are getting 6-8 hours of sunlight and are growing in a
garden spot that I have had for the past 5 years. I water early in the morning
to keep the leaves dry. Every one of my eight plants is doing this. Is this a
disease? (Susie in Fayetteville).
This dark area that has developed on the bottoms of the fruit sounds very
much like a disorder called blossom end rot (BER). This is not an infectious
plant disease, but rather a nutrient problem- probably a lack of calcium in
the soil. This can be corrected by adding something like lime to the soil to
correct the pH. Ideally, lime should be added before planting and based on a
recent soil test. Sometimes BER is associated with extreme moisture
fluctuations in the soil in conjunction with the calcium deficiency. Calcium
can also be added after the plants are producing. Several calcium products
are available at many garden centers that can be sprayed on the plants and
are absorbed to correct the imbalance. It is always a good idea to have a
soil test done before planting your tomatoes and other vegetables, making
sure that the pH is within an optimum range- usually around 6.5 to 7.0.
Contact your local county Extension office to see about having your soil
tested.
Useful Information
Publications
Back to Pest Crew |