Forage and Pasture
Forage Management Guides
These nine guides are designed to explore factors related to production,
management and usage of forages in Arkansas. Forage quality is the first
limiting factor in beef production. Forage quantity directly affects stocking
rate on the farm. Matching adequate forage quality and quantity with livestock
nutritional needs will result in optimum animal production. The guides will help
you increase your knowledge of forage management so that you can improve your
livestock operation.
This guide covers the factors to be considered in planning a year-round
forage management plan and matching a forage program to the livestock
enterprise. Methods of estimating forage requirements are covered as well as the
characteristics of commonly used forage species.
Fescue is the most common cool-season grass in Arkansas. Use and management
options are discussed. Methods for reducing problems from the fescue endophyte
are also covered.
Bermudagrass is the most commonly used warm-season grass in Arkansas. This
guide covers varieties, planting methods and forage management.
Forages used to supplement a perennial-based forage program are discussed in
this guide. Descriptions and management practices are discussed for winter
annual grasses, small grains, and summer annual forages.
This guide gives details on various forage utilization practices including
the advantages and disadvantages of different types of grazing systems. Hay and
supplemental feeding are also discussed.
Dairy cattle need high quality forages to maintain production. This guide
covers forage management practices that can be applied to improve dairy systems.
Forage quality and forage testing are also discussed in terms of what the tests
mean and how they can be used in a feeding program.
Hay feeding is a major part of the forage program in cow-calf operations.
Tips for producing good quality hay are provided. The potential yield and
quality of different forage species are also discussed.
Forage production is directly dependent on the fertility of the soil. This
guide discusses the use of fertilizer, lime and manure to improve forage
production in pasture and hay systems. Tips are given on application timing. The
characteristics of major fertilizer nutrients are also discussed.
Weed management practices that will reduce the effect of weeds in pastures
and hay fields are covered. Suggestions are made for determining when to control
weeds as well as the most effective methods for long-term weed control. Benefits
of both cultural and chemical methods are discussed.
Materials for these guides were adapted from many sources by Dr. Wayne
Coblentz, Dr. John Jennings and Dr. Shane Gadberry. Other fact sheets are
available
online or through the county Extension office that may give further details
on many of the topics discussed.
For more information about forage management, please contact your county
Extension office.
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