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Barley
yellow dwarf virus is transmitted by several species of aphids. Under Arkansas
conditions, symptoms generally do not show until after regrowth starts in the
spring. Symptoms of infection that occurred during the fall include stunting,
poor tillering, stiff upright leaves, and yellow, red or purple coloring of
leaves starting at the tip. Stunted and poorly tillered plants are usually in
saucer-shaped patches scattered across a field. The most severely stunted plants
are near the center of the patch with a gradation toward normal plants away from
the center. Yellow, red or purple coloration of the leaves may not show up until
after an extended period of warm weather (probably April in Arkansas). Stunted
plants have small root systems and are more susceptible to drought stress.
Significant reductions in yield and test weight are associated with
fall-infected plants.