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Arkansas Agriculture
Newsletters
Livestock Market News - Situation and Outlook
Week Ending February 2, 2012
According to Tim Petry, Livestock Economist, North Dakota State
University Extension Service: Drought Impacts Cattle Numbers.
USDA-NASS released the CATTLE report on Friday, January 27. The
report confirmed what many cattle market observers had expected.
Record setting drought in the Southern U.S. caused beef cow herd
liquidation, fewer calves on cereal grain pasture, and more cattle
in feedlots. However, record high feeder cattle prices stimulated
interest in beef heifers, with replacements increasing enough in
areas with good moisture conditions to cause an increase for the
U.S.
All cattle and calves in the U.S. as of January 1, 2012, totaled
90.8 million head, slightly more than 2% below the 92.7 million on
January 1, 2011. This is the lowest January 1 inventory of cattle
and calves since the 88.1 million in 1952. However, it should be
noted that beef production totaled over 26B lbs. in 2011, compared
to about 10B in 1952. And 26B is just below the record 27B lbs.
produced in 2002, so the beef industry produces much more beef with
the same number of cattle that existed in the 1950s.
Beef cows that have calved, at just under 29.9 million head, were
down over 3 percent from last year. The decline was not a surprise
given the severe drought that has plagued the Southern Plains. Beef
cow numbers declined 660,000 head (-13%) in Texas, 288,000 head
(-14%) in Oklahoma, 53,000 (-11%) in New Mexico, and 51,000 (-3%) in
Kansas for a decline in those major drought impacted states of
1,052,000 head. Beef cow numbers in the entire U.S. declined less
than a million at 966,700. Some beef cows did move from the drought
stricken area to neighboring states where moisture conditions were
better. Beef cows increased 112,000 head in Nebraska, 22,000 in
Colorado, and 20,000 head in Wyoming.
Beef replacement heifers over 500 lbs. in the U.S., at over 5.2
million head were up 73,000 (1.4%) over last year. About 3.2 million
of those are expected to calve in 2012. Similar to beef cows,
replacement heifers declined 60,000 head (-10%) in Texas and 55,000
(-15.5%) head in Oklahoma, while replacements increased 55,000
(+18%) in Nebraska, 35,000 (+29%) in Colorado, and 25,000 (+18%) in
Wyoming. Milk cow replacements were down 1% in the U.S. and other
heifers over 500 lbs. were down 2%.
The combined total of calves under 500 lbs., and other heifers
and steers over 500 lbs. outside of feedlots was 25.7 million, down
about 4%. So, declining feedlot placements in the next several
months can be expected. Smaller numbers will be supportive to calf
and feeder cattle prices which are at record high levels.
The total number of cattle on feed at 14.1M head was up almost 1%
from last year. The USDA-NASS monthly Cattle on Feed reports show
numbers in only over 1,000 head lots, with the January report
indicating 3% more cattle on feed. Cattle on feed in the under 1,000
head lots declined over 9% from last year with tight feeder cattle
and feed supplies.
The 2011 calf crop was estimated at 35.3 million head, down 1%
from 2010. Smaller cow numbers signal another smaller calf crop in
2012, so supplies of all market classes of cattle will continue to
be historically tight. Weather will continue to be a wild card in
cattle prices. Although some recent rains in the Southern Plains
have been beneficial, the drought is far from over. And parts of the
Northern Plains are experiencing a very dry winter.
Source: Livestock Marketing Information Center (www.lmic.info)
Federal-State Market News
2301 S. University Ave.
Little Rock, AR 72204
(501) 671-2200
Prepared by Steven R. Cheney, USDA Officer-in-Charge
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